Cancer is a group of diseases where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, ignore the body’s natural stop signals, and can invade nearby tissues or spread to distant parts of the body through the blood or lymph system. This process, known as metastasis, makes cancer particularly dangerous. Normally, human cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly way. But in cancer, genetic mutations disrupt this cycle, causing cells to divide excessively and form lumps or tumors (except in blood cancers like leukemia). Cancer can start almost anywhere in the body and affects people of all ages, although risk increases with age. While some cancers grow slowly, others are aggressive and spread rapidly. Early detection, lifestyle changes, and advanced treatments have improved outcomes for many types of cancer.
Cancer is uncontrolled cell growth that can form tumors or invade organs.
Caused by genetic mutations—inherited or triggered by environmental/lifestyle factors.
Can affect any body part—lungs, breast, blood, brain, bones, and more.
Not always hereditary, but family history may increase risk.
Major risk factors include smoking, radiation, infections (like HPV), poor diet, and alcohol.
Symptoms vary—may include lumps, fatigue, weight loss, pain, or bleeding.
Diagnosis involves tests like biopsy, imaging, and blood work.
Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.
Early detection is critical—it improves survival and recovery chances significantly.
Preventive steps include healthy eating, regular screening, vaccinations (e.g., HPV), and avoiding carcinogens.